电磁场(EMF)
In recent years, everyone from scientists to everyday people have questioned whether there’s a link between exposure to 60-hertz (power frequency) electric and magnetic fields (EMF) and serious health problems, including cancer. And no one is more concerned about it than all of us at SDG&E.
什么是电场和磁场?
Electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) are present wherever electricity flows — around appliances and powerlines, and in offices, schools, and homes.
- Electric fields are invisible lines of force created by voltage. Voltage is the electric force that causes current in a conductor, and are shielded by most materials.
- Magnetic fields are invisible lines of force created by current, 导体中电子的运动. They are not shielded by most materials such as lead, soil and concrete.
电磁场会损害你的健康吗?
Electric and magnetic fields are present wherever electricity flows—around appliances and power lines, 在办公室，在学校，在家里. Many researchers believe that if there is a risk of adverse health effects from usual residential exposures to EMF, it is probably just at the detection limit of human health studies; nonetheless, 可能存在的风险值得进一步调查. 流行病学研究的不同结果, which looked at estimated EMF exposures and childhood leukemia, 是否与薄弱环节相一致. Laboratory studies, including studies investigating a possible mechanism for health effects (mechanistic studies), provide little or no evidence to support this weak link.
The results from many research studies have been evaluated by international, national and California EMF research programs to determine whether EMF poses any health risk. 考虑到问题的不确定性, the medical and scientific communities have been unable to conclude that usual residential exposures to EMF cause health effects, or to establish any standard or level of residential exposure that is known to be either safe or harmful. These conclusions remain unchanged by recent studies.
Our Commitment
Until research and the scientific community provide greater direction, SDG&E的承诺包括以下措施:
- Maintaining an EMF Center staffed with informed representatives available to talk with customers about EMF issues
- 自由测量磁场
- 向公众提供电磁场健康文献.
- 支持、资助和监测电磁场研究
- Working to reduce fields associated with new and upgraded construction projects
世界卫生组织的调查结果
The World Health Organization (WHO) completed a review of the potential health implications of extremely low frequency EMF, 其中包括工频场. Their conclusions and recommendations were presented in June 2007 in a report known as the Extremely Low Frequency Fields, 环境卫生标准专论第. 238.
Learn about the WHO report's conclusions and recommendations
What You Can Do
In a situation of scientific uncertainty and public concern, WHO recommended that utilities explore “very low-cost” ways to reduce EMF exposure from new or upgraded facilities. SDG&E and other California public utilities have been pursuing no-cost and low-cost measures to reduce EMF levels from new utility transmission lines and substation projects.
You, too, may want to take no-cost and low-cost measures to reduce your EMF exposure at home and at work. Human studies have not produced a consensus about any health benefits from changing the way people use electric appliances. But, if you feel reducing your EMF exposure would be beneficial, you can increase your distance from electric appliances and/or limit the amount of time you use appliances at home or at work.
- For instance, you can place your electric clock away from the head of your bed. Increasing your distance from it and other appliances, 比如电视, 电脑显示器和微波炉, 可以减少你的电磁场暴露.
- You can also reduce your EMF exposure by limiting the time you spend using personal appliances, 比如吹风机, electric razors, 加热垫和电热毯.
- You may also want to limit the time you spend using electric cooking appliances. You can locate the sources of EMF in your work environment and spend break time in lower-field areas.
It is not known whether such actions will have any impact on your health.
More Information
Call SDG&E at 1-800-411-7343 请求免费的信息包, home or business measurements or summaries of the reports listed in this brochure. 你也可以做一个 online request.
World Health Organization International EMF Project: Visit who.int /健康话题/电磁场 for EMF information, including fact sheets, research completed and scientific journal articles.
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: Visit niehs.nih.gov/health 点击小册子 & Fact Sheets, then select the 电场和磁场 booklet in English or the Campos Eléctricos y Magnéticos booklet in Spanish.
EPRI: EPRI 是独立的非营利性能源研究机构吗, development, and deployment organization that maintains a global research presence with trusted experts who collaborate with more than 450 companies in 45 countries, 推动创新，确保市民拥有洁净, safe, reliable, affordable, and equitable access to electricity across the globe.